美有两种：自由美和依存美。自由美对物体没有假设任何的概念，而依存美则已经假设该物体应为何物的概念，并以这些概念帮我们决定该物体美不美。
审美讲的是自由美。我们只要看了花朵一眼，就能知道花儿美不美丽，而不需要借助其他和花有关的知识。这就是这花朵实质的自由美，因为不需要引进其他概念，比如花的目的，来帮我们决定它是不是漂亮。
就是说，花朵呈现给我们的是它的最后形态，而我们就依据这个最后形态来决定它美不美。就算植物学家对这朵花有很多东西要说，可是他们对花的概念和我们决定花漂不漂亮完全扯不上关系。
另一方面，如果我们说一座建筑物漂亮，因为它完美地符合了建造该建筑物的目的，这就是依存美而不是纯粹审美判断。审美判断是要基于感觉的。
所以康德说：‘美就是物体的最后形态，只要我们不以其目的来理解它。’
审美讲的是自由美。我们只要看了花朵一眼，就能知道花儿美不美丽，而不需要借助其他和花有关的知识。这就是这花朵实质的自由美，因为不需要引进其他概念，比如花的目的，来帮我们决定它是不是漂亮。
就是说，花朵呈现给我们的是它的最后形态，而我们就依据这个最后形态来决定它美不美。就算植物学家对这朵花有很多东西要说，可是他们对花的概念和我们决定花漂不漂亮完全扯不上关系。
另一方面，如果我们说一座建筑物漂亮，因为它完美地符合了建造该建筑物的目的，这就是依存美而不是纯粹审美判断。审美判断是要基于感觉的。
所以康德说：‘美就是物体的最后形态，只要我们不以其目的来理解它。’
注：Finality, 英文亦作 purposiveness 就是合目的性。说美要无目的而合目的性，是很难理解的。
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There are two types of beauty: free beauty and dependent beauty. Free beauty presupposes no concept of what the object should be and dependent beauty presupposes a concept of what that object should be, and that concept makes it possible for us to determine whether that object is beautiful or not.
Aesthetic judgment is concerned with free beauty. We can tell whether a flower is beautiful or not just by looking at it, without a need to have further knowledge about it. We say that the flower is a free beauty of matter, as there is no other concept connected with the flower, such as its purpose, that could help to determine whether it is beautiful.
In other words, the manner in which the flower presents itself to us is final and this finality provides the basis for judgment of its beauty. That is to say, even botanists may have many things to say about the flower, their concepts have no bearing on our judgment whether the flower is beautiful.
On the other hand, when we say a building is beautiful because it meets perfectly the purpose for which it is built, we do not have a pure aesthetic judgment based solely on feeling. This is dependent beauty.
Aesthetic judgment is concerned with free beauty. We can tell whether a flower is beautiful or not just by looking at it, without a need to have further knowledge about it. We say that the flower is a free beauty of matter, as there is no other concept connected with the flower, such as its purpose, that could help to determine whether it is beautiful.
In other words, the manner in which the flower presents itself to us is final and this finality provides the basis for judgment of its beauty. That is to say, even botanists may have many things to say about the flower, their concepts have no bearing on our judgment whether the flower is beautiful.
On the other hand, when we say a building is beautiful because it meets perfectly the purpose for which it is built, we do not have a pure aesthetic judgment based solely on feeling. This is dependent beauty.
Accordingly, Kant said: ‘Beauty is the form of finality in an object, so far as perceived in it apart from the representation of an end (or purpose).’
Note: Finality is also translated as Purposiveness. However, it is difficult to understand how a thing can be purposive, yet without having a definite purpose.
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