Tuesday, June 23, 2009

前不见古人 Ahead, I see no ancestors

陈子昂(661–702) 是唐朝诗人。他的老家射洪也就是今日四川的遂宁市。二十四岁就考中进士。
陈子昂提倡汉魏诗歌形式。他的38首感遇诗就清楚地反映了他的复兴精神。
他认为诗歌应该反映现实,并为唐朝诗歌发展奠下基础。基于他对政治的热诚,他的不少诗歌含有批评社会的意味。
然而,他最为人所知的一首诗却是《登幽州台歌》,强健而直接。
华人有明显的历史意识,他们的社会可说是活在历史的指引下。在华人的心目中,历史描述了我们对时间流动的存在的意识。这种流动就在我们从事世间各种活动中。由于‘流动’包含了方向,知晓时间的存在就表示有了方向的意识。
这种确定方向给了我们希望与生命的目标。孔子(公元前551-479)曾站在川上,感慨时间的长河,‘逝者如斯夫,不舍昼夜’。
相同的,陈子昂也登上幽州台而长叹:
前不见古人,
后不见来者。
念天地之悠悠,
独怆然而涕下。
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Chen Zi'ang (661–702) was a Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty. A native of Shehong County in what is today Suining, Sichuan, he completed the national Jinshi level of the Imperial Examination at age twenty-four.
Chen Zi'ang advocated the poetry styles of the Han and Wei dynasties. His representative works of 38 poems known as Ganyu (stirred by my experiences) explicitly manifest his spirit of renewal.
He felt that poems should reflect reality and he helped lay the groundwork for the development of Tang Poems. With his active interest in politics, much of his work has undertones of social commentary.
However, he is chiefly remembered for his poem ‘Climbing the You Zhou Building’ which is vigorous and straightforward.
Chinese have been noted for their historical-mindedness, and their society is said to have lived under the tutelage of history. In the Chinese mind, history describes how aware we are of being in time that flows as we engage in various activities in the world. Since the ‘flow’ includes its direction, to be aware of being in time means to have a sense of direction.
Such a definite direction gives us the prospect and purpose of living. Confucius (551–479 bc) stood at the river bank and sighed about the ‘river of time’, ‘Oh, how it flows day and night, without ceasing!’ In contrast, to lose this sense of time-direction is to be exiled out of living itself, to feel ‘out of place,’ unspeakably lost and lonesome in the world.
Similarly, Chen Zi’ang also went up the Youzhou tower and gave a long sigh,
Ahead, I see no ancestors;
Behind, I find no followers.
Contemplating the limitless of the universe;
I can't help but weep, feeling sad and lonely.

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