华人的阴阳概念 The Chinese yinyang Concept

阴阳概念可以说是华人的基本世界观。

阴与阳代表宇宙所能找到的所有的对立事务的原则。阳代表雄、太阳、创造、热、光、天、支配等理则，阴代表雌、月亮、完成、冷、暗、地、顺从等理则。

天以阳理创造事物之理念，地以阴理产生事物之形态，天以阳理造之，地以阴理成之，以此类之。

阴中生阳与阳中生阴的过程周期性与不断地发生，以致没有一种理则能压倒或支配另一种理则。我们所体验到的对立 -- 健康与病痛、富贵与贫穷、权利与顺从 -- 都可以一种理则暂时支配另一理则作为参照来加以解释。既然没有一种理则可以永远占有支配地位，就是说所有的状况都会变换为其对立的状况。

阴与阳的周期性，宇宙中对立力量的转变，就意识着几样东西：

第一，所有事物周期性地逆转为他们的对立事务；第二，所有的现象都具有其对立现象的种子，就是说，病痛含有潜在的健康，健康潜伏着病痛，富贵会导致贫困，等等；第三，由于一个理则会导致另一个理则，虽然对立理则并没有显现，没有一种现象可以避免对立现象。一个人不可能永远健康，因为健康本身就含有其对立的理则，那就是病痛。

所以，阴阳学说中的各种力量并不是敌对的关系。了解这点是很重要的。

它和西方的‘二元论’是不同的。‘二元论’认为世界是由本质上分开的与敌对的力量所构成，例如：真与假、好与坏。

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The concept of yin and yang is often said to be fundamental to the Chinese view of the world.

The yin and yang represent all the opposite principles one finds in the universe. Under yang are the principles of maleness, the sun, creation, heat, light, heaven, dominance, and so on, and under yin are the principles of femaleness, the moon, completion, cold, darkness, material forms, submission, and so on.

Heaven creates the ideas of things under yang, the earth produces their material forms under yin, and vice versa; creation occurs under the principle of yang, the completion of the created thing occurs under yin, and vice versa, and so on.

This production of yin from yang and yang from yin occurs cyclically and constantly, so that no one principle continually dominates the other or determines the other. All opposites that one experiences - health and sickness, wealth and poverty, power and submission - can be explained in reference to the temporary dominance of one principle over the other. Since no one principle dominates eternally, that means that all conditions are subject to change into their opposites.

This cyclical nature of yin and yang, the opposing forces of change in the universe, mean several things.

First, all phenomena change into their opposites in an eternal cycle of reversal. Second, all phenomena have within them the seeds of their opposite state, that is, sickness has the seeds of health, health contains the seeds of sickness, wealth contains the seeds of poverty, etc. Third, even though an opposite may not be seen to be present, since one principle produces the other, no phenomenon is completely devoid of its opposite state. One is never really healthy since health contains the principle of its opposite, sickness.

It is therefore essential to understand that the nature of such forces in yin-yang thought is not an antagonistic relationship.

It is different from the western ‘dualism’, an assertion that the world is comprised of forces that are intrinsically separate and hostile, like ‘truth and falsehood’, or ‘good and evil’.