孔子（551BC – 479 BC）出生与生活于周代春秋时期中国东北的鲁国。周代(1122 BC to 256 BC) 是中国历史上历时最久的一个朝代，建国初期和后期，人们生活条件和社会状况相差很大。
周朝在政治文化、教育系统、社会结构高度成熟，成就很大，礼乐文化闻名。周朝书籍著作和保留很多，包括诗经、尚书、易经、周礼。
孔子沮丧于周礼乐文化之衰微与没落。礼乐文化在他于公元前551年出世之前的几个世纪就已经发展和兴盛成熟。
道家的反应是逃避人类文明，在自然中寻找宁静与自由。而孔子的反应是全面的、长远的解决方案，就是以周文化来教化百姓。
所以当孔子说‘述而不作，信而好古’时，倒不是他的谦虚之言，而是现成的选择。
他还说：‘我非生而知之，好古，敏以求之者也。’
无可避免地，在传述古典思想时，他以自己的伦理观念加以阐述。而这些阐述最后发展成为一家之说，那就是儒家。
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Confucius (551BC - 479 BC) was born and raised in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period of Zhou dynasty in Shandong province in northeast China. The Zhou dynasty (1122 BC to 256 BC) is by far the longest in Chinese history, and the conditions of life and the state of society at the beginning and end of it are vastly different.
The Zhou dynasty achieved a highly sophisticated political culture, educational system and social structure. It was famous for its culture of rites and music (礼乐文化) and lots of writing were produced and preserved from Zhou dynasty, including Book of Odes (Shi Jing), Book of History (Shang Shu), Book of Changes (Yi Jing), and the Rites of Zhou (Zhou Li).
Confucius was disheartened on seeing the decline and falls of the Zhou culture of rites and music, which was developed and flourished for a number of centuries prior to his birth in 551 BC.
While the Daoists responded by moving away from human civilization and finding tranquility and liberation in nature, Confucius responded with a holistic, long term solution by teaching his fellow people the Zhou culture.
Thus, when Confucius said he is ‘a transmitter and not a maker, believing in and loving the ancients’, he is not being modest. Rather he was making an existential choice.
He continued: ‘I am not one who was born in the possession of knowledge; I am one who is fond of antiquity, and earnest in seeking it there. ’
It is inevitable that while transmitting the ideas from the classics, he gave them interpretations derived from his own moral concepts, which ultimately evolved into a school of thought known as Confucianism.
周朝在政治文化、教育系统、社会结构高度成熟，成就很大，礼乐文化闻名。周朝书籍著作和保留很多，包括诗经、尚书、易经、周礼。
孔子沮丧于周礼乐文化之衰微与没落。礼乐文化在他于公元前551年出世之前的几个世纪就已经发展和兴盛成熟。
道家的反应是逃避人类文明，在自然中寻找宁静与自由。而孔子的反应是全面的、长远的解决方案，就是以周文化来教化百姓。
所以当孔子说‘述而不作，信而好古’时，倒不是他的谦虚之言，而是现成的选择。
他还说：‘我非生而知之，好古，敏以求之者也。’
无可避免地，在传述古典思想时，他以自己的伦理观念加以阐述。而这些阐述最后发展成为一家之说，那就是儒家。
.
Confucius (551BC - 479 BC) was born and raised in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period of Zhou dynasty in Shandong province in northeast China. The Zhou dynasty (1122 BC to 256 BC) is by far the longest in Chinese history, and the conditions of life and the state of society at the beginning and end of it are vastly different.
The Zhou dynasty achieved a highly sophisticated political culture, educational system and social structure. It was famous for its culture of rites and music (礼乐文化) and lots of writing were produced and preserved from Zhou dynasty, including Book of Odes (Shi Jing), Book of History (Shang Shu), Book of Changes (Yi Jing), and the Rites of Zhou (Zhou Li).
Confucius was disheartened on seeing the decline and falls of the Zhou culture of rites and music, which was developed and flourished for a number of centuries prior to his birth in 551 BC.
While the Daoists responded by moving away from human civilization and finding tranquility and liberation in nature, Confucius responded with a holistic, long term solution by teaching his fellow people the Zhou culture.
Thus, when Confucius said he is ‘a transmitter and not a maker, believing in and loving the ancients’, he is not being modest. Rather he was making an existential choice.
He continued: ‘I am not one who was born in the possession of knowledge; I am one who is fond of antiquity, and earnest in seeking it there. ’
It is inevitable that while transmitting the ideas from the classics, he gave them interpretations derived from his own moral concepts, which ultimately evolved into a school of thought known as Confucianism.
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