Friday, February 20, 2009

人文主义 Humanism

我们注意到文化复兴所导致的现代科学的诞生,对后来现代哲学来说,十分重要。
当理性重新维护其任务,而新的科学方法从了解到改进与开始被应用,显现了人类对进步发展的乐观信赖;与此同时,人类对解决问题的能力的信心,与日俱增。因为这个原故,人类,人的力量与尊严日益被强调。
这是对一个正在沉睡中的巨人的搅拌。这个巨人在沉睡时,被捆绑与囚禁,直到不能移动。巨人慢慢的从囚禁中解脱出来,站起来,并向世界宣告他的势力。
人敢维护他控制世界的能力,要支配他所走的道路,并随他的心意而转移。因为强调的是人在这个世界,所以就叫做‘人文主义’。
作为一种哲学,人文主义发展于文化复兴时期,而在启蒙运动中获得了立足点。人的自由、平等、权力、理性与民主主义,都是他们的共同理念。
人文主义者相信民主与人权是普世价值,不论你生活于何处,它们都应该存在于所有人类当中。很明显的,西方人文主义者并没有办法从普世主义与理性主义中解脱出来。
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We noted that the birth of modern science was one thing that happened during the Renaissance that was of great importance for the later character of modern philosophy.
As the role of reason re-asserted itself and the new scientific methodology began to be employed, first to understand and then to improve it, an optimistic belief in progress arose, as well as an increasing confidence in the capacity of humans to solve problems. There was thus a growing stress upon man and his power and dignity.
This was the stirring of a giant who had been asleep and during his sleep had been tied and fettered until he could no longer move. Slowly the giant broke his bonds, stood up, and proclaimed his power to the world.
Man dared to assert his ability to control the world, to master his ways and turned them to his desires. It was an emphasis upon the human in the universe and, therefore, has been called ‘Humanism’.
As a philosophy, humanism started developing during the renaissance and gained ground during the enlightenment, sharing ideals such as human freedom, equality, rights, rationalism, and democracy.
The humanists believe that democracy and human rights are universal values and must exist for all people, regardless of where you live. It is obvious that western humanists are not able to think out of universalism and rationalism.

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